erratic running

• erratic running

• intermittent running

• missing

 These impurities in electrolyte resulted in erratic running of the battery.

•

Air leaking into the pump from any source is likely to cause erratic running (or faulty performance).

* * *

1. ( движение) motion, move, movement

во вре́мя хо́да су́дна — while the ship is underway

на ходу́ (напр. регулировать) — (e. g., adjust) on the go

свои́м хо́дом (о судне, автомобиле и т. п.) — under its own power

2. ( перемещение механизма) throw, travel; (поршня, ползуна) stroke; ( резьбы) lead

3. (работа, эксплуатация) operation, service, action

пуска́ть в ход — put into operation, put into service, put into action

рабо́тать на холосто́м ходу́ — idle, run idle, run without load

содержа́ть на ходу́ (напр. машины и т. п.) — keep (e. g., machines, etc.) in operation [in service, on the go]

4. ( в теплообменном устройстве) pass

5. (развитие чего-л.) progress, course

6. ( скорость) rate, speed

7. (место, через которое проходят) passage; ( вход) entrance, entry

8. (изменение или характер изменения какой-л. физической величины, как правило, в зависимости от другой) behaviour, change, dependence, variation

9. геод., топ. computation course, computation line, route, traverse

10. (вид движения в транспортных средствах; существует только в сочетаниях с определяющими словами):

на гу́сеничном ходу́ — on tracks, tracked, track-laying

на колё́сном ходу́ — on wheels, wheeled

азимута́льный ход — azimuth(al) motion

ход амортиза́тора — travel

при хо́де растяже́ния амортиза́тора — during extension …

при хо́де сжа́тия амортиза́тора — during contraction …

ход бата́на текст. — path of lay, stroke of lathe

ход без толчко́в — smooth motion

бесшу́мный ход — silent [noiseless] running

ход вверх — upstroke, upward [ascending] stroke

ход вниз — downstroke, downward [inward, descending] stroke

ход впу́ска двс. — suction [admission, intake, charging] stroke

временно́й ход — time dependence, time variation, variation (of smth.) with time

ход вса́сывания двс. — suction [admission, charging, intake] stroke

ход вы́пуска двс. — outstroke, exhaust stroke

высо́тный ход физ. — altitude curve, height dependence, altitudinal variations

двойно́й ход — double stroke

ход до́менной пе́чи — run [operation] of a blast furnace

ход зави́симости — variation, dependence

ход зави́симости, напр. x от y — plot of x as a function of y, behaviour of x with (variations in) y, variations in x with y

за́дний ход — reverse movement; reverse [backward] running; ж.-д. moving back, return motion; (поршня, ползуна) back stroke

за́мкнутый ход геод. — closed circuit

зо́льный ход кож. — line round

ход иглы́ ( распылителя в топливной аппаратуре дизелей) — needle lift

ход каре́тки

1. вчт. carriage movement

2. текст. pitch of the coil

ход конта́ктов — contact travel

ход криво́й — ( имеется в виду кривая как таковая) trend [shape, run] of a curve; (имеется в виду какая-л. физическая величина, представленная кривой):

ход криво́й ано́дного то́ка в зави́симости от се́точного напряже́ния пока́зывает, что … — a plot of anode current against grid voltage shows that …, the manner in which anode current varies with grid voltage shows that …, the behaviour of anode current with (variations in) grid voltage shows that …

лесоспла́вный ход — floating route

ли́тниковый ход — sprue

ход луча́ опт. — ray path (length)

стро́ить ход луча́ — set up [trace] a ray

магистра́льный ход геод. — main [primary, principal] traverse

ма́лый ход мор. — low [slow] speed

ход маши́ны — machine running

мё́ртвый ход ( зазор в механизме) — backlash, lost motion, play, free travel, slack

ход нагнета́ния двс. — pressure stroke

неравноме́рный ход — irregular [discontinuous, uneven] running

нивели́рный ход — line of levels, level(ling) line

обра́тный ход — reverse [return] motion; reverse [backward] running; back stroke

одина́рный ход — single stroke

ход педа́ли авто — pedal stroke, pedal travel

ход педа́ли сцепле́ния, свобо́дный — clutch pedal clearance, free travel of the clutch pedal

пере́дний ход — forward motion; forward running; мор. advancing, aheading

перекидно́й ход ( коксовой печи) — cross-over flue

ход пе́чи — run [operation, working] of a furnace

расстро́ить ход пе́чи — disturb [upset] the operation of a furnace

ход пе́чи, горя́чий — hot run of a furnace

ход пе́чи, неро́вный — erratic [irregular] operation of a furnace

ход пе́чи, расстро́енный — disturbed operation of a furnace

ход пе́чи, ро́вный — smooth [regular] operation of a furnace

ход пе́чи, сты́лый — cold working of a furnace

ход пе́чи, ти́хий — slow run [slow operation] of a furnace

ход пе́чи, холо́дный — cold run of a furnace

ход пилообра́зного напряже́ния элк. — stroke of a sawtooth voltage

ход пилообра́зного напряже́ния, обра́тный элк. — return stroke of a sawtooth voltage

ход пилообра́зного напряже́ния, прямо́й элк. — forward stroke of a sawtooth voltage

ход пилообра́зного напряже́ния, рабо́чий элк. — working stroke of a sawtooth voltage

ход пла́вки — progress of a heat

пла́вный ход — smooth running

ход плу́га — plough travel, plough draught

ход подве́ски — suspension movement

полигонометри́ческий ход — traverse, polygon(al) [polygonometric] traverse, polygonal course

по́лный ход мор. — full speed

рабо́чий ход двс. — working [power] stroke

ход развё́ртки (осциллоскопа, индикатора и т. п) — sweep motion

ход (развё́ртки), обра́тный — retrace (motion) of the sweep, flyback

ход (развё́ртки), прямо́й — forward motion of the sweep, active phase of the sweep scan

ход расшире́ния — двс. expansion [working, combustion, firing] stroke; ( амортизатора) extension

са́мый ма́лый ход мор. — dead slow speed

са́мый по́лный ход мор. — flank speed

свобо́дный ход — free (easy) running, free travel; free wheeling

ход сжа́тия — compression [pressure] stroke; ( рессоры или пружины) bump stroke; ( амортизатора) contraction

споко́йный ход — smooth [quiet] running

сре́дний ход мор. — half [moderate] speed

су́точный ход — day [diurnal] variation

су́точный ход магни́тного склоне́ния — diurnal changes in magnetic variatics

теодоли́тный ход — field [theodolite] traverse

то́почный ход — (furnace) flue

холосто́й ход — idle [free, light, loose, no-load] running, idle [no-load] stroke

при холосто́м хо́де эл. — at no-load

ход часо́в — daily rate (of a time niece)

ход часо́в, отрица́тельный — rate of losing

ход часо́в, положи́тельный — rate of gaining

часто́тный ход (какой-л. физической величины) — variations with frequency

перепа́д мо́щности определя́ется часто́тным хо́дом перехо́дного ослабле́ния ответви́теля — the change in power is determined by variations in the dynamic attenuation of the coupler with frequency

часто́тный ход оши́бки — the difference in error between the limiting frequencies

часто́тный ход усиле́ния — plot of gain as a function of frequency, frequency dependence of gain, variations in gain with frequency

шу́мный ход — noisy running

ход электро́нного луча́, обра́тный — flyback, return trace, retrace

гаси́ть обра́тный ход электро́нного луча́ — eliminate [suppress, blank] the flyback [return trace, retrace]

ход электро́нного луча́, обра́тный по вертика́ли — vertical flyback

ход электро́нного луча́, обра́тный по горизонта́ли — horizontal flyback

ход электро́нного луча́, обра́тный по ка́дру — frame flyback

ход электро́нного луча́, обра́тный по строке́ — line flyback

ход я́коря — armature travel

1) General subject: halting (двигателя)

2) Engineering: erratic operation, irregular operation, unstable running

3) Railway term: wabbling

4) Automobile industry: bumpy running (двигателя), hard running, harsh running (двигателя), irregular running, wabble, wobble

5) Metallurgy: Irregular working (доменной печи), instable running

6) Oil: wobbling

1) Engineering: unsteady operation, rough running

2) Automobile industry: erratic operation

3) Oil: uneven running (двигателя)

4) Astronautics: unstable running

5) Oilfield: unstable operation

* * *

1. ( физический процесс) work, activity

рабо́та по, напр. перемеще́нию электро́на в по́ле — the work done by the field on an electron to move it (from … to …)

соверша́ть рабо́ту — do work

2. (качество, способ исполнения) workmanship

3. (конкретное или ограниченное задание, занятие, труд) job

4. (величина с качественным оттенком, показатель работы, рабочая характеристика) performance

5. ( функционирование) operation, service, use

включа́ть в рабо́ту — switch in use

включа́ть, напр. генера́тор на рабо́ту с вне́шней модуля́цией — set, e. g., an oscillator for external modulation

выключа́ть из рабо́ты — switch out of use

контроли́ровать рабо́ту (особ. периодически) — check the operation of …

контроли́ровать рабо́ту (особ. непрерывно) — monitor the operation of …

прекраща́ть рабо́ту автомати́чески — cease to operate automatically

6. (продукт труда, готовое изделие) work

автомати́ческая рабо́та — automatic operation

автоно́мная рабо́та вчт. — off-line operation

акко́рдная рабо́та — piece work, task work

армату́рные рабо́ты — installation of reinforcement

асинхро́нная рабо́та — asynchronous working

безавари́йная рабо́та — trouble-free operation

рабо́та без обслу́живающего персона́ла — unattended operation

безотка́зная рабо́та — no-failure operation

бесперебо́йная рабо́та — continuity of service

бесшу́мная рабо́та — silence in operation, silent operation

бето́нные рабо́ты — concreting, concrete placement

брига́дная рабо́та — team work

буровзрывны́е рабо́ты — drilling and blasting (operations)

рабо́та в авари́йных усло́виях — emergency operation

взрывны́е рабо́ты — shotfiring, blasting

рабо́та в крити́ческом режи́ме — critical operation

рабо́та в откры́том ко́смосе ( выход в открытый космос) — extravehicular activity, EVA

рабо́та вразно́с ( о двигателе) — racing, runaway

рабо́та в реа́льном масшта́бе вре́мени вчт. — real-time operation

вскрышны́е рабо́ты горн. — overburden operations, overburden mining

рабо́та вы́хода электро́на, напр. из мета́лла — (electronic) work function, e. g., of a metal

соверша́ть рабо́ту вы́хода электро́на, напр. из мета́лла — do work on escaping, e. g., from a metal

горноспаса́тельные рабо́ты — rescue work, rescue operations

двухпо́люсная рабо́та — тлг. брит. double-current working; амер. polar (current) working

двухсме́нная рабо́та — two-shift operation

рабо́та ди́плексом свз. — diplex operation, diplex working

дноуглуби́тельные рабо́ты — dredging

доро́жно-строи́тельные рабо́ты — road-building

рабо́та ду́плексом свз. — duplex operation, duplex working

землечерпа́тельные рабо́ты — dredging

земляны́е рабо́ты — earth-moving, excavation, digging

земляны́е рабо́ты с по́мощью я́дерных взры́вов — nuclear digging, nuclear excavation

индика́торная рабо́та — indicator work

рабо́та ключо́м — keying, key modulation

рабо́та констру́кции — structural behaviour

кро́вельные рабо́ты — roofing

круглосу́точная рабо́та — round-the-clock operation, twenty-four-hour service

лесоперева́лочные рабо́ты — reloading operations

лине́йные рабо́ты — line work

маля́рные рабо́ты — painting

механи́ческая рабо́та — mechanical work

монта́жные рабо́ты — erection [installation] work

рабо́та на борту́ косми́ческого корабля́ — intravehicular activity, IVA

нала́дочные рабо́ты — adjustment and alignment

рабо́та на му́фте турби́ны — shaft work

нау́чно-иссле́довательская рабо́та — research (work)

непреры́вная рабо́та — continuous work

норма́льная рабо́та — normal operation

однопо́люсная рабо́та — тлг. брит. single-current working; амер. neutral working

о́пытно-констру́кторская рабо́та [ОКР] — research and development (work), R&D work

о́пытные рабо́ты — development work(s)

отва́льные рабо́ты — dumping

отде́лочная рабо́та — finishing work

паралле́льная рабо́та — parallel operation

при паралле́льной рабо́те, напр. генера́торов — with, e. g., generators paralleled

периоди́ческая рабо́та — intermittent [batch] operation

пла́новая рабо́та — scheduled work

плохая́ рабо́та ( низкое качество исполнения) — poor workmanship

погру́зочно-разгру́зочные рабо́ты — ( в промышленности) materials handling; ( на транспорте) cargo [freight] handling

поиско́во-спаса́тельные рабо́ты ( на море или суше) — search and rescue (operations)

полевы́е рабо́ты — field work

полуду́плексная рабо́та свз. — half-duplex operation

рабо́та по поро́де горн. — deadwork, stonework

рабо́та по схе́ме постоя́нного то́ка свз. — closed circuit working

промысло́вые рабо́ты — fishing operations

разве́дочные рабо́ты ( для промышленной оценки месторождений полезных ископаемых) — prospecting

разде́льная рабо́та — isolated operation

при разде́льной рабо́те, напр. генера́торов — with, e. g., generators isolated

ро́вная рабо́та (напр. двигателя) — smooth running

ручна́я рабо́та — hand work

сверхуро́чная рабо́та — overtime work

рабо́та с да́нными вчт. — data handling

рабо́та си́мплексом свз. — simplex [up and down] working

синфа́зная рабо́та — in-phase operation

синхро́нная рабо́та — synchronous [synchronized] operation

ска́льные рабо́ты — rock excavation

сме́нная рабо́та — shift work

совме́стная рабо́та, напр. армату́ры и бето́на — collaboration of, e. g., steel and concrete

рабо́та с перебо́ями — erratic operation; двс. rough running

рабо́та с разделе́нием вре́мени вчт. — time-sharing operation

строи́тельные рабо́ты — civil engineering work

тока́рная рабо́та — lathe work

рабо́та тона́льно-модули́рованными колеба́ниями свз. — MCW operation, MCW service

убо́рочные рабо́ты — harvesting

штукату́рные рабо́ты — ( внутренние) plastering; ( наружные) stuccoing

электромонта́жные рабо́ты — electric installation work

1) Engineering: erratic operation, irregular running, irregular work, irregular working

2) Automobile industry: hunting

1) Engineering: erratic operation, malfunctioning, rough running

2) Oil: disfunction, malfunction

3) Quality control: discontinuous run, maloperation

1 shaft, dart, arrow.

2 dude, fop, a showy, vain young man; inflated person.

3 a long iron rod fastened to a collar on the neck of a slave, who showed an intention of running away.

4 vine three years old. (Provincial)

5 a puffed-up man, too serious and erratic.

6 a carnival trick.

Mirar por el virote (Met.) to be attentive to one's own concerns or convenience

* * *

1) (=flecha) arrow

2) (Méx)

3) † (=señorito) hooray Henry *

4) (And, Méx) (=tonto) simpleton

SUBJECT AREA: Land transport, Railways and locomotives, Steam and internal combustion engines

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Orphaned as a child, Hamilton went to work for Southern Pacific Railroad in his teens, and then worked for several other companies. In his spare time he learned mathematics and physics from a retired professor. In 1911 he joined the White Motor Company, makers of road motor vehicles in Denver, Colorado, where he had gone to recuperate from malaria. He remained there until 1922, apart from an eighteenth-month break for war service.

Upon his return from war service, Hamilton found White selling petrol-engined railbuses with mechanical transmission, based on road vehicles, to railways. He noted that they were not robust enough and that the success of petrol railcars with electric transmission, built by General Electric since 1906, was limited as they were complex to drive and maintain. In 1922 Hamilton formed, and became President of, the Electro- Motive Engineering Corporation (later Electro-Motive Corporation) to design and produce petrol-electric rail cars. Needing an engine larger than those used in road vehicles, yet lighter and faster than marine engines, he approached the Win ton Engine Company to develop a suitable engine; in addition, General Electric provided electric transmission with a simplified control system. Using these components, Hamilton arranged for his petrol-electric railcars to be built by the St Louis Car Company, with the first being completed in 1924. It was the beginning of a highly successful series. Fuel costs were lower than for steam trains and initial costs were kept down by using standardized vehicles instead of designing for individual railways. Maintenance costs were minimized because Electro-Motive kept stocks of spare parts and supplied replacement units when necessary. As more powerful, 800 hp (600 kW) railcars were produced, railways tended to use them to haul trailer vehicles, although that practice reduced the fuel saving. By the end of the decade Electro-Motive needed engines more powerful still and therefore had to use cheap fuel. Diesel engines of the period, such as those that Winton had made for some years, were too heavy in relation to their power, and too slow and sluggish for rail use. Their fuel-injection system was erratic and insufficiently robust and Hamilton concluded that a separate injector was needed for each cylinder.

In 1930 Electro-Motive Corporation and Winton were acquired by General Motors in pursuance of their aim to develop a diesel engine suitable for rail traction, with the use of unit fuel injectors; Hamilton retained his position as President. At this time, industrial depression had combined with road and air competition to undermine railway-passenger business, and Ralph Budd, President of the Chicago, Burlington \& Quincy Railroad, thought that traffic could be recovered by way of high-speed, luxury motor trains; hence the Pioneer Zephyr was built for the Burlington. This comprised a 600 hp (450 kW), lightweight, two-stroke, diesel engine developed by General Motors (model 201 A), with electric transmission, that powered a streamlined train of three articulated coaches. This train demonstrated its powers on 26 May 1934 by running non-stop from Denver to Chicago, a distance of 1,015 miles (1,635 km), in 13 hours and 6 minutes, when the fastest steam schedule was 26 hours. Hamilton and Budd were among those on board the train, and it ushered in an era of high-speed diesel trains in the USA. By then Hamilton, with General Motors backing, was planning to use the lightweight engine to power diesel-electric locomotives. Their layout was derived not from steam locomotives, but from the standard American boxcar. The power plant was mounted within the body and powered the bogies, and driver's cabs were at each end. Two 900 hp (670 kW) engines were mounted in a single car to become an 1,800 hp (l,340 kW) locomotive, which could be operated in multiple by a single driver to form a 3,600 hp (2,680 kW) locomotive. To keep costs down, standard locomotives could be mass-produced rather than needing individual designs for each railway, as with steam locomotives. Two units of this type were completed in 1935 and sent on trial throughout much of the USA. They were able to match steam locomotive performance, with considerable economies: fuel costs alone were halved and there was much less wear on the track. In the same year, Electro-Motive began manufacturing diesel-electrie locomotives at La Grange, Illinois, with design modifications: the driver was placed high up above a projecting nose, which improved visibility and provided protection in the event of collision on unguarded level crossings; six-wheeled bogies were introduced, to reduce axle loading and improve stability. The first production passenger locomotives emerged from La Grange in 1937, and by early 1939 seventy units were in service. Meanwhile, improved engines had been developed and were being made at La Grange, and late in 1939 a prototype, four-unit, 5,400 hp (4,000 kW) diesel-electric locomotive for freight trains was produced and sent out on test from coast to coast; production versions appeared late in 1940. After an interval from 1941 to 1943, when Electro-Motive produced diesel engines for military and naval use, locomotive production resumed in quantity in 1944, and within a few years diesel power replaced steam on most railways in the USA.

Hal Hamilton remained President of Electro-Motive Corporation until 1942, when it became a division of General Motors, of which he became Vice-President.

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